作者：朱安红, 马海霞
单位：1 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 海南省热带微生物资源重点实验室 海口市食药用菌种质资源保护与利用重点实验室，海南 海口 571101,2 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所，海南 文昌 571339,3 中国热带农业科学院广西研究院 崇左市食药用菌种质资源保护与利用重点实验室，广西 崇左 532100
关键词：食用菌,药用菌,生物多样性,菌根,国家公园
基金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2023RDYL01),海南国家公园研究院资助项目(KY-24ZK02),国家自然科学基金(32470016)
本研究在系统开展海南热带雨林国家公园食用菌和药用菌资源调查和物种鉴定的基础上，结合历年文献整理，列出了食用、药用真菌名录，提供了每个物种的中文名称和学名。截至2024年，海南热带雨林国家公园共发现食药用菌529种，其中包括食用菌366种、药用菌316种。发现的366种食用菌隶属于6纲15目53科122属，包括子囊菌门2纲2目4科4属7种和担子菌门的4纲13目49科118属359种。其中，红菇科(62种)和牛肝菌科(55种)种类最丰富，分别占16.94%和15.03%；红菇属、蘑菇属、乳菇属、褶孔牛肝菌菌、鹅膏菌属、侧耳属、乳牛肝菌属、木耳属、牛肝菌属和鸡油菌属为海南热带雨林国家公园食用菌的代表属。316种药用菌隶属于8纲20目69科146属，其中包括子囊菌门4纲5目11科13属20种和担子菌门4纲15目58科133属296种。其中，红菇科(33种)和多孔菌科(26种)种类最丰富，分别占10.44%和8.23%；红菇属、灵芝属、蘑菇属、侧耳属、乳菇属、硬皮马勃属、嗜蓝孢孔菌属、鹅膏菌属和栓菌属是海南热带雨林国家公园药用菌代表属。本研究揭示了海南热带雨林国家公园食用、药用真菌的多样性，为食药用菌资源的有效保护和持续利用奠定了良好的基础。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2025年第7期
《菌物学报》期刊编辑部
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