菌物学报杂志2024年第7期-菌物学报杂志社

菌物学报杂志2024年第7期

瓮毛孢科Sporocadaceae (Ascomycota, Xylariales)各属中文名称修订

彭骋, 田呈明
瓮毛孢科Sporocadaceae是世界性广泛分布的真菌类群，多数是重要的植物病原菌，严重影响植物的生长发育，甚至枯死，导致许多经济作物的减产，造成巨大经济损失。瓮毛孢科包含35个属，但由于部分类群缺乏统一的中文名称，以致在各类中文文献资料中存在命名不规范的现象，不同研究者采用的名称各异，造成了中文名称使用上的混乱与误解。本研究分析了瓮毛孢科真菌中文名称命名不规范所带来的混淆性、误导性以及对科研与教育工作造成的难度等问题，依据最新的分类学研究进展和命名法规，对瓮毛孢科真菌名称进行了全面核对和修订，并参照《真菌名词及名称》《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》选取和拟定了中文名称，列举了瓮毛孢科真菌中35个属的中文名称及拟定依据。修订后的中文名称及名录有助于减少名称使用混乱和误解等问题，促进高效的学术交流。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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肠道真菌抗衰老作用及对脏器组织衰老相关基因表达的影响

刘晓静, 赵佳敏, 晏露闻, 崔明, 肖惠文, 刘杏忠
真菌作为肠道菌群的重要组成部分，直接或间接影响宿主的健康。尽管已有许多关于肠道细菌抗衰老的研究，但肠道真菌抗衰老的研究仍然相对有限。本研究使用混合抗细菌抗生素清除年轻小鼠粪便中的细菌，并将其移植到自然老龄鼠的肠道中。通过评估学习记忆能力、体重、脏器指数、组织病理变化等生理指标，结合实时荧光定量PCR和酶联免疫吸附试验检测老龄鼠各组织中衰老相关基因、蛋白以及炎症因子的表达水平。研究结果显示，经过清除细菌的粪菌移植处理显著提高了老龄鼠空间定位的学习记忆能力，对老龄鼠的体重和其他脏器指数均无不良影响。进一步分析表明，粪菌移植处理改善了老龄鼠脑、肝、脾、肺、肾、小肠的组织状态；显著上调了与肠道完整性相关的基因表达，下调了老龄鼠脑、肝、肾组织中衰老相关基因p53和p21的表达，但对肺、脾、小肠无明显影响；此外，粪菌移植处理显著提高了老龄鼠血清和多组织中抗氧化物酶的水平，降低了衰老生物标志物和促炎因子的表达。综上所述，年轻供体肠道真菌菌群可以延缓血清、脑、肝和肾等组织的衰老进程，为进一步探索肠道真菌抗衰老的潜在机制提供了科学依据。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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共享镰孢菌FcHAT1基因鉴定及功能研究

叶丽芳, 万良鹏, 田维玉洁, 张连虎, 林桠春, 崔汝强, 况卫刚
共享镰孢菌Fusarium commune是引起莲腐败病的主要病原菌之一，明确其致病机理对于探寻莲腐败病防治策略具有重要意义。组蛋白乙酰转移酶在真核生物基因表达和各种生物过程的调控中起重要作用，然而，组蛋白乙酰转移酶FcHat1在共享镰孢菌的功能还未见报道。本研究利用 BLASTP方法在共享镰孢菌全基因组数据中查找组蛋白乙酰转移酶Hat1同源蛋白，并分析FcHat1与同源蛋白的进化关系、保守基序和结构域等特征。根据同源重组的原理获得FcHat1-hph基因的融合片段，通过PEG介导的原生质体转化的方法获得FcHat1基因的敲除突变体和回补菌株，并对敲除突变体和回补菌株的主要生物学特性和致病力进行了分析。结果表明，FcHat1蛋白与其他同源蛋白具有相同的Hat1_N保守结构域，且与其他物种含Hat1_N结构域蛋白高度同源。对获得的FcHat1基因敲除突变体和回补菌株进行观察，结果表明敲除FcHat1不影响孢子的产量、孢子形态、孢子萌发以及DNA损伤胁迫的应答，但是ΔFcHat1突变体的生长速率、致病力与野生型相比显著降低，表明FcHat1在病菌营养生长、致病过程中发挥重要作用。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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基于基因组重测序发掘金针菇InDel、SV及丰度SNP标记

贾定洪, 王波, 何晓兰, 刘询
以金针菇白色单核菌株wm14基因组为参考基因组，以双核菌株15W、16W、18W、19W、20Y、21Y、22Y和25Y基因组重测序数据为研究对象，以自备的4个金针菇基因组为blast检验数据库，采用VCFtools-0.1.16软件进行数据过滤，发掘可靠且多态性强的SNP、InDel及SV位点信息。使用Primer3软件设计引物，通过标记引物的blastn特异性及通用性检测，实验获得了InDel/SV标记26个；它们可以直接扩增，根据电泳条带的大小差异检测菌株的遗传差异，获得了丰度SNP标记区域63个，成功设计出通用性引物16对作为传统ITS、Rpb2、Ef1α等靶标序列的有益补充。本研究拟开发更多可用于金针菇遗传分析的分子标记，希望可以从全基因组扫描明晰研究菌株的遗传背景，为后续金针菇分子辅助育种、功能基因发掘与机理探索等研究提供助力。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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禾谷镰孢菌中β-1,4-D-内切木聚糖酶基因FgXYLD的生物学功能

左宏旭, 巩寒茹, 雷琼, 李鸿飞, 杨力澜, 王欣桐, 李强, 王保通
由禾谷镰孢菌Fusarium graminearum为主要病原菌引起的小麦赤霉病是小麦三大病害之一，对小麦的产量和质量均构成巨大威胁。β-1,4-D-内切木聚糖酶作为一种重要的水解酶，能够降解植物细胞壁的主要成分之一半纤维素，进而在病菌侵染寄主植物时发挥作用。为进一步揭示禾谷镰孢菌中β-1,4-D-内切木聚糖酶基因FgXYLD的功能，本实验将该基因在禾谷镰孢菌中敲除，通过研究FgXYLD基因敲除突变体的基本特性以明晰该基因功能。结果发现，FgXYLD基因的缺失并不影响禾谷镰孢菌的菌落形态、菌落生长速率与分生孢子萌发，但影响分生孢子的产生；在外界胁迫实验中，敲除突变体对戊唑醇、Na+、K+耐受性增强；在有性生殖实验中，敲除突变体的子囊壳形成延迟，子囊孢子喷发有明显缺陷；在致病力实验中，敲除突变体的致病力低于野生型；在DON毒素测定实验中，敲除突变体DON毒素产生量明显减少，部分产毒基因表达水平有所降低。以上结果表明，β-1,4-D-内切木聚糖酶基因FgXYLD在禾谷镰孢菌的逆境胁迫、有性生殖与致病力中扮演一定功能。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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外源vpl1基因对香菇双核菌丝体木质素降解酶活性和基因表达的影响

游潇轩, 宋晓霞, 戈永杰, 刘建雨, 张美彦, 尚晓冬, 宋春艳
为探索刺茎侧耳多功能过氧化物酶vpl1基因在香菇菌丝体中的异源表达及功能，对比分析了野生型双核菌丝体与拥有1个或2个转化子的双核菌丝体在木质素降解酶活性和基因表达上的差异。首先，经过转化子筛选和功能验证，筛选出3个具有vpl1基因的香菇t-Asm136单核转化子。其次，将3个单核转化子与其野生型w-Asm136单核菌丝体分别与实验室已有的香菇t-Bsm83单核转化子与其野生型w-Bsm83单核菌丝体进行单单杂交，获得1个纯野生型双核菌丝体、4个单转化子双核菌丝体和3个双转化子双核菌丝体。最后，仅野生型、1个单转化子和2个双转化子双核菌丝体能在木屑培养基上正常生长。这4个双核菌丝体在木屑培养基上Lac、MnP和VP酶活和对应基因的表达量不同，其中vpl1的导入使双核转化子vpl1基因上调了2-12倍，MnP酶活上调13-30倍，mnp2a表达量上调4-18倍，mnp2b表达量上调6-11倍。证实了vpl1的导入能够增强MnP的酶活力和基因的表达水平。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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梭伦小剥管孔菌生物学特性和驯化栽培

戴丹, 王振, 胡佳, 戴建成, 彭新红, 孙鹏, 陈绪涛, 王志伟, 魏云辉, 李玉
对采自江西武功山的一份多孔菌子实体进行菌株分离与纯化获得其纯培养菌株，通过子实体形态特征结合ITS序列分析，鉴定为梭伦小剥管孔菌Piptoporellus soloniensis。以此菌株为试验材料从碳源、氮源、pH和温度4个方面进行单因素生物学特性研究，结果表明在试验范围内该菌株的最适碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和酵母浸粉，pH为4.0，最适生长温度为30 ℃。在单因素试验的基础上选出3个较优水平进行正交试验。结果表明，该菌株在以葡萄糖为碳源、酵母浸粉为氮源、pH为4.0以及温度为30 ℃的条件下菌丝生长最佳。4个因素对梭伦小剥管孔菌菌丝生长的影响程度为：温度>pH>碳源>氮源。生物学特性研究表明梭伦小剥管孔菌为中高温型喜酸性菌株。栽培配方为细木屑35%、莲子壳35%、麦麸20%、玉米粉7%、石灰和石膏各1.5%，含水量55%-60%；在23-26 ℃黑暗培养条件下菌丝满袋需要47-54 d，平均生长速率为1.85-2.13 mm/d; 在温度23-26 ℃的散射光条件下，30-35 d可见菌丝聚集；温度18-20 ℃、相对湿度80%-90%条件下，20 d左右子实体成熟。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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广叶绣球菌多糖-白藜芦醇纳米粒子的制备、表征及其体外抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性

毕书瑜, 崔芳铭, 侯江燕, 董鹏飞, 曹谨玲, 程艳芬, 程菲儿, 云少君, 冯翠萍
本研究采用反溶剂沉淀法制备广叶绣球菌多糖(Sparassis latifolia polysaccharides, SLPs)-白藜芦醇(resveratrol, Res)纳米粒子(SLPs-Res NPs)，对其表征后分析其体外抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。试验采用水提醇沉法提取SLPs并经HZ830大孔树脂脱色除杂后，以包封率、载药量为指标优化纳米粒子制备工艺，对其表征后分析其缓释特性及对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结果表明，当Res与SLPs的质量比为1:32时，SLPs-Res NPs的包封率最高，为(53.73±0.76)%，载药量为(1.68±0.01)%。扫描电镜显示SLPs-Res NPs表面较为粗糙。SLPs-Res NPs平均粒径为(223.51±3.02) nm，PDI值为0.51±0.04，Zeta电位为(-21.6±1.1) mV，紫外/可见及红外光谱显示SLPs与Res发生了相互作用。SLPs-Res NPs的光热稳定性均强于游离白藜芦醇，其在模拟胃液中消化2 h后Res释放率为(9.13±0.54)%，继续在模拟肠液中消化3 h后Res释放率为(31.71±0.05)%，显著低于游离Res (P<0.05)。SLPs-Res NPs对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性显著高于Res和SLPs (P<0.05)。本研究制备得到SLPs-Res NPs，其具有较好的光热稳定性、缓释特性及抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶作用，可为SLPs和Res的进一步开发利用提供一定的理论依据。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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灵芝β-葡寡糖体外抗炎活性及机制探究

姜斯琪, 张劲松, 冯杰, 李树红, 李娥贤, 刘利平, 刘艳芳
本研究通过脂多糖(LPS)诱导建立了Caco-2细胞体外肠炎模型，探究不同聚合度(DPs)灵芝β-葡寡糖的抗炎活性和作用机制。比较白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)以及活性氧(ROS)的水平可知，不同聚合度灵芝β-葡寡糖组分均能抑制LPS诱导的Caco-2细胞中IL-1β、TNF-α及ROS的释放；进一步通过蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)对其抗炎机制进行探究，发现灵芝β-葡寡糖能显著降低LPS诱导的Caco-2细胞NF-κB p65蛋白的水平。说明灵芝β-葡寡糖能通过调节NF-κB p65蛋白的表达下调炎症因子水平、减少细胞内氧化应激，从而在肠细胞中产生抗炎作用，其中聚合度为8-24的F3组分作用效果最佳。本研究可为灵芝β-葡寡糖在抗炎功能活性中的应用提供理论基础。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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piaofu(a,content); }else{ var div=document.createElement("div"); div.style.display='none'; div.id="mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id; document.body.appendChild(div); mag_ajax_update({ selector:"#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id, url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/lexeme/showCnctstOnRich.do", data:{cnctst_id:cnctst_id,articleId:$("#articleId").val(),Count:5}, success:function(){ var content=''+$("#mag_rich_cnctst_info_"+cnctst_id).html()+''; piaofu(a,content); } }); }}function clickFigXref(a,figId){if(figId!=''){$("[mag-fig-id='"+figId+"']")[0].scrollIntoView();}}function clickTabXref(a,tabId){if(tabId!=''){document.getElementById(tabId).scrollIntoView();}}function huoqukuanduimg(){//}function doDataJsonText(text){var str = text;//var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();//var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');str = str.replace(/";ss += "";var shuomingTitle = "";var shuomingContent = '';if(fig.titleCn && fig.titleCn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleCn;if(fig.titleContentCn && fig.titleContentCn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentCn;}}if(shuomingTitle==''){if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleEn;}if(fig.titleContentEn && fig.titleContentEn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentEn;}}else{if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingContent += ""+fig.titleEn+"
液态发酵灵芝菌丝体多糖提取工艺的优化及其理化特征的分析

石佳, 冯杰, 刘利平, 唐传红, 刘艳芳, 张劲松
本研究以发酵专用高产多糖灵芝菌株GZ36为材料，通过调控发酵时间以实现目标多糖的定向富集，对获得的发酵菌丝体胞内多糖的提取工艺进行优化，并对制备的多糖组分的理化特征及免疫活性进行了研究。研究表明，发酵时间为60 h时菌丝体胞内多糖的含量最高，未经干燥处理的菌丝体的多糖提取得率相对于烘干处理的菌丝体提高了60.42%，相对于冷冻干燥菌丝体提高了59.16%。未干燥处理灵芝菌丝体的多糖最佳提取工艺为：提取温度90 ℃、料液比1:3 (g/mL)、提取时间2 h，提取次数2次，在此条件下多糖的提取得率可达6.10%。利用分级醇沉从菌丝体的提取液中得到了4个组分GLP-10E、GLP-20E、GLP-50E和GLP-75E，其中GLP-10E、GLP-20E的重均分子量分别为6.161×106 g/mol、4.112×106 g/mol，多糖含量分别为84.59%、92.30%，这2个组分中葡萄糖占比均达到了98%；GLP-50E主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖以及少量的木糖组成；GLP-75E组分中含有大量的氨基葡萄糖。4个多糖组分均具有诱导巨噬细胞释放NO的活性。本研究可为灵芝液态发酵菌丝体多糖的开发利用提供参考。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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松杉灵芝发酵菌丝体中的三萜化合物

郭晓宇, 程池露, 滕李铭, 员瑗, 张劲松, 潘新华, 潘峰, 戴玉成, 冯娜
通过中高压层析、薄层色谱层析、凝胶色谱层析等多种分离纯化技术，从松杉灵芝发酵菌丝体中制备得到15个羊毛甾烷型四环三萜化合物，通过核磁共振、质谱对化合物结构进行解析，分别鉴定为(22S,24E)-3-oxo-15α,22β-dihydroxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid (1)、(22S,24E)-3-oxo- 15α-hydroxy-22β-acetoxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid (2)、(22S,24E)-3-oxo-15α,22β-diacetoxylanosta- 7,9(11),24-trien-26-oic acid (3)、15-hydroxy-ganoderic acid S (4)、ganodermic acid Jb (5)、ganoderic acid P (6)、ganodermic acid Ja (7)、ganoderic acid X (8)、ganodermic acid TQ (9)、ganoderic acid Me (10)、ganoderic acid Mf (11)、ganoderic acid Y (12)、ganoderic acid Z (13)、lanosta-7,9,(11),24-trien-3α- hydroxy-26-oic acid (14)和ganoderic acid S1 (15)。以上15个化合物均为首次从松杉灵芝发酵菌丝体中分离获得。该结果丰富了灵芝属真菌发酵产物的研究，为后续的活性研究提供了物质基础。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'ba4489c830a44f6da49ff2ae56172ace',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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金针菇菌丝体γ-氨基丁酸快速检测方法

卢雪伟, 李晓晖, 鲍大鹏, 周陈力, 陈洪雨, 冯占, 李贺文, 王瑞娟, 邵悠然, 吴莹莹
γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA)是一种对人体具有重要生理功能的非蛋白氨基酸，其在金针菇中含量丰富。为获得一种高效便捷检测金针菇菌丝体GABA含量的方法，本研究以工厂化栽培的金针菇菌株Fv-HL23为实验对象，在筛选菌丝体液体培养基的基础上，结合单因素和Box-Benhnken试验，以微板法测得的GABA含量作为响应值，对GABA提取过程中的料液比、裂解温度、超声功率以及超声时间等参数进行优化。结果表明，以YPD为液体培养基，在料液比1:43.82 (质量体积比)、裂解温度81.03 ℃、超声功率325.95 W、超声时间10.09 min的条件下，Fv-HL23菌丝体中GABA得率最高，达(3 566.16±93.25) μg/g。使用上述方法检测得到的同一金针菇菌株菌丝体GABA含量与子实体GABA含量关联性良好。本研究建立的金针菇菌丝体GABA检测方法可为节约检测成本、缩短GABA强化型食用菌育种进程提供参考。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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刺槐范氏孔菌(槐耳) ‘As-7’的选育报告

庄磊, 孙志晖, 郭旭欣, 杨娜, 于松涛
本研究以收集的30份野生刺槐范氏孔菌Vanderbylia robiniophila为材料，经分离、拮抗反应及母种性能测定后，筛选出15株野生刺槐范氏孔菌菌株，利用60Co-γ射线照射诱变，共获得6个刺槐范氏孔菌菌株。经拮抗反应初筛、设施内小中试复筛及品比试验，最终获得性状稳定、产量高且品质优良的刺槐范氏孔菌品种‘As-7’。其菌丝体洁白粗壮浓密，菌落整齐，子实体呈扇形，形状规则，表面呈红褐色，有放射状环纹，腹面乳白色，直径16-20 cm，子实体单朵重90 g以上，从菌袋入棚到出菇采收时间约65-75 d。研究结果表明，利用射线诱变与野生驯化育种手段相结合选育出的刺槐范氏孔菌‘As-7’是性状优良且适合人工栽培的优异品种。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});//参考文献可视化richRefCharts(window.metaDatas);var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'4cc453046ce44b5aa4ca3bfa39f62b41',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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菌物学报杂志

菌物学报杂志2024年第7期

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