作者：王会伟,蔡良奇,李航,薛潇春,刘晓刚,陈青,陈晓燕,潘炜华,廖万清
单位：1.海军军医大学上海长征医院皮肤科 上海长征医院皮肤病与真菌病研究所 上海 200003,2.厦门大学第一附属医院皮肤科 福建 厦门 361003,3.延安大学医学院 陕西 延安 716000,4.象山县第一人民医院皮肤性病科 浙江 宁波 315700
关键词：肾移植,隐球菌病,新型隐球菌
基金：国家传染病科技重大专项(2018ZX10101003),国家自然科学基金(31770161),中国工程院战略咨询课题(2019-XY-33),中国工程院战略咨询课题(19-HNXZ-06),中国工程院战略咨询课题(2020-XY-61-01)
隐球菌病是威胁肾移植患者生命的严重感染性疾病,本文旨在报道我国肾移植患者合并隐球菌病（cryptococcosis in kidney transplant patients,C-KT）的情况。通过对208例患者的资料进行分析,发现隐球菌病平均发病时间为肾移植后(5.48±4.09)年,就诊时间为发病后(27.28±30.69)d,入院后确诊时间为(31.6±44.0)d。本研究中C-KT患者误诊率为23.1%,误诊患者占所有死亡患者的37.5%。此病可侵袭全身各个系统,最常见于中枢神经系统（脑）、呼吸系统（肺）和皮肤等。临床特征除发热、头痛、呕吐外,还常见为恶心、咳嗽、胸闷气短,结节、红斑、脓肿溃疡伴或不伴皮肤疼痛、触痛。诊断方法主要是墨汁染色、乳胶凝集素试验等,检出标本主要为脑脊液,血液,肺泡灌洗液,肺、皮肤病例活检组织等。首选治疗药物为两性霉素B脂质体、氟康唑、5-氟尿嘧啶和伏立康唑等,临床中有氟康唑耐药病例的报道。C-KT患者的总死亡率为15.8%。本文对全面了解肾移植患者合并隐球菌病的特征及对本病的诊断与治疗具有重要的意义。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2021年第4期
《菌物学报》期刊编辑部
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