菌物学报杂志2019年第7期:低温大曲酵母菌分离和计数培养方法优化-菌物学报杂志社

菌物学报杂志2019年第7期:低温大曲酵母菌分离和计数培养方法优化

发布日期:

作者：关凯乐,韩培杰,周森,季方,白逢彦

单位：1. 中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室北京 100101,2. 中国科学院大学北京 100049,3. 北京顺鑫农业股份有限公司牛栏山酒厂北京 103101,4. 江苏今世缘酒业有限公司江苏淮安 223411

关键词：低温大曲,酵母菌分离,丝状真菌生长抑制,含有机酸的优化培养基

基金：中国科学院微生物研究所科学研究基金(Y6FJ011044),牛栏山二锅头大曲微生物研究(Y4HX021HX1)

低温大曲是清香型白酒酿造的核心因素之一,为酿造过程提供了物系、酶系和菌系。酵母菌是白酒发酵过程中最重要的功能微生物类群,研究大曲中的酵母菌种类和含量具有重要意义,对大曲质量评价也具有重要参考价值。但用常规酵母菌分离技术和培养基从大曲中分离酵母菌时易受优势丝状真菌（霉菌）的干扰,霉菌常常很快长满培养皿,将酵母菌覆盖,难以对酵母菌进行定量计数、观察和分离纯化。本研究根据酒醅发酵过程中随乙酸和乳酸含量的升高,霉菌含量急剧降低而酵母菌含量逐渐升高的现象,用常规培养基YPD为基础培养基,测试了添加不同量的乙酸、乳酸和丙酸（后者为常用食品防腐和防霉剂）,以及不同比例的乙酸乳酸组合物,对低温大曲中霉菌的抑制效果和对酵母菌生长的影响进行探究,发现在灭菌后的YPD中添加3.3mL/L乙酸、2.0mL/L丙酸或在乙酸乳酸1:3的情况下添加2.0mL/L乙酸,30℃培养3-5d之内可有效抑制低温大曲中的霉菌,实现对酵母菌的有效分离、计数和纯化培养,而单加乳酸对霉菌,特别是黄曲霉的抑制效果差。随后测试了以前我们从清香型白酒大曲和酒醅发酵过程中分离的13属18种酵母菌在这些培养基上的生长情况,发现这些酵母菌中的绝大多数,尤其是大曲和酒醅中的优势酵母菌种,均可以在这些加酸培养基上良好生长。综合考虑培养基的成本、配制的简便性及分离效果等因素,本研究推荐将灭菌后添加3.3mL/L乙酸的YPD固体培养基作为低温大曲酵母菌分离和定量计数的优化培养基。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});//可视化图谱$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showArticle_knowledgeMap") && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length && $("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").length>0){jQuery.getJSON("/Jwxb/CN/lexeme/existsCnctstInArticle.do?articleID="+$("#articleId").val(), null, function(json){if(json.result){$("#showArticle_knowledgeMap").show();}});}});$(document).ready(function(){var metaDataStr = $.trim($("#article_metaJson").val());if(metaDataStr!=''){eval("window.metaData="+metaDataStr);}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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菌物学报杂志2019年第7期:低温大曲酵母菌分离和计数培养方法优化

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